Arab money yusuf amir download

This item will only be visible in searches to you, your friends, and admins. Description Discussions 0 Comments 0 Change Notes. Description Discussions Comments Change Notes. Add to Collection. This item has been added to your Favorites. Type: Video. Age Rating: Everyone. Genre: Music. Resolution: Other resolution. Category: Wallpaper. File Size. Vasquez, a fictional character in Call of Duty 4, says before beginning a search for Asad:. The hate for Arabs and Muslims was and is still an issue, due in part to many media outlets that push this kind of propaganda.

But is it fair or justified to draw this singular image about Arabs and Muslims? Another Arab character I want to talk about is Yusuf Amir. If you watch this video [ contains explicit language ] before you continue reading, I think it will be easier for you to understand the points I want to make about this character.

Yusuf Amir is introduced as an extremely rich real estate developer who uses a lot of vulgar American slang, brags loudly about his sexual exploits and dances to a rap song called Arab Money. Yusuf is also very cheerful and hyperactive. But it is a stereotypical example of an Arab character coming from upscale Dubai and living in the United States. He is reckless, wealthy and wastes his money on prostitutes and drugs. Two recently introduced Arab characters are Rashid and Shaheen, who debuted in two of the most well-known fighting games in the industry, Street Fighter V and Tekken 7, respectively.

They are popular with fans of both games, according to data acquired from character use in online matches and competitive esport tournaments. While the reveal for Shaheen was met with some controversy on Twitter and a minority group requested the character be removed for the sole reason that he is an Arab, longtime Tekken series producer Katsuhiro Harada responded on Twitter and made fun of this minority group of fans. A closer look at their personalities reveals why they became popular among Arab and non-Arab gamers, other than being powerful, high-tier characters especially Rashid.

He established educational institutions throughout the length and breadth of the country. He constructed hostels where free boarding and lodging was provided to the students. Inns were established in all cities. He reconstructed the city walls of Cordova and access to the city was provided through seven gates.

Outside Cordova he built a garden place called Muawiyat al-Rusafa after the villa of his grandfather Hisham at Damascus. He was the third son of Abdul Rahman, and was born of a Spanish lady Hulal. During the lifetime of his father, Hisham was the Governor of Merida, and had given proof of his administrative capabilities. Having closed the Pyrenees pass, Hisham undertake a campaign against the Franks to plug the source of help to rebels in Spain. The Franks were defeated at Narbonne.

Hisham undertook campaigns against the Christian powers in Spain. A column invaded Tortosa William the Duke of Tortosa was defeated and he sued for terms. A second Muslim column invaded Austia. Bermudo I, the king of Austria was defeated and he became a vassal of the Muslims.

Hisham followed the Maliki school of Jurisprudence and he promoted the Maliki doctrines in Spain. Malik, however, decided to stay where he was.

Hisham deputed scholars from Spain to learn fiqh from Imam Malik in Madinah. Yahya b Yahya and Isa b Dinar were two prominent scholars of Spain who played an important role in spreading the Maliki doctrines in Spain.

Hisham died in C. He was only forty years old at the time of his death. He was a prototype of Umar b Abdul Aziz and strove to establish the Islamic way of life and avoided regal show and ostentation. He was a God fearing man and was known for his impartial justice and sound administration. He was born of a freed slave girl, Azkarf. He was only 22 years old at the time of accession to power.

In the lifetime of his father, he had taken part in several military campaigns. The change over in the Amirate was followed by revolts in various parts of the country by adventurers keen to capture power for themselves. There was a revolt in Toledo under Ubaida b Hameed. Ubaida could not hold power for long. The Banu Makhsa of Toledo assassinated him. Al-Hakam dispatched a strong force and all the revolts were suppressed Abdullah sued for amnesty.

He was allowed an annual stipend and returned to Cordova. Al-Hakam was involved in a conflict with theologians. The theologians advocated a policy of repression against the non- Muslims while Al-Hakam favoured a policy of tolerance and conciliation.

The Theologians advocated a life of austerity. Al-Hakam propounded the theory that Allah had ordained a comfortable life for Muslims, and they should enjoy life by availing of the gifts of Allah. The theologians plotted to depose him. The plot leaked out and as a reprisal, many nobles and theologians suspected of plotting against him were arrested and executed. For this ruthlessness, he earned from the theologians the title of Abul Aasi, the father of wicked.

Al-Hakam died in CE after having ruled for 26 years. He was a controversial figure. Some hailed him as a great warrior and bestowed on him the title of Al-Muzaffar. Some regarded him as a ruthless tyrant.

He was thirty-one years old at the time of accession. His father had consolidated the Umayyad rule, and Abdul Rahman II was fortunate to inherit an established kingdom. As on previous occasions, Abdullah, an uncle of his father raised the standard of revolt with view to capturing the throne for himself. He was defeated and asked for amnesty. He was granted amnesty and was made the Governor of Nercia.

Many misguided Christian monks openly reviled and blasphemed Islam and the Holy Prophet and courted death which they regarded as martyrdom. Many Christian fanatics were executed during the period. In due course the wave of fanaticism subsided by itself. Abdul RahmanII is rated as one of the great rulers of. During his reign, the fame of the Muslim arts and sciences and the Spanish Muslim Universities spread everywhere.

His court enjoyed a name for its brilliance and superb magnificence. His wife, Sultana Tarub, set the tone to fashion. The famous musician Ziryab flourished at his court. He constructed many fine buildings for miles the banks of the river Guadalquiver was lined with beautiful buildings and gardens in the city of Cordova.

Water was brought to the city from the Sierra Morena Mountain through lead pipes. He constructed mosques and educational buildings in various cities of Spain. Muhammad, the elder son of Abdul Rahman foiled he attempt and succeeded to throne of his father. After the accession of Muhammad I, there was an insurrection in Toledo. The Christians joined the rebels. Sindola the ringleader of the rebels captured power and expelled the Governor appointed by the authorities of Cordova.

The rebels received support from Ordono I, the king of Leon. In the battle that took place at Guadacelate the rebels suffered a heavy defeat, losing 8, persons on the battlefield. The Amir recaptured Toledo.

In order to placate the people of Toledo, they were allowed autonomy under the overall suzerainty of Cordova. In Spain, the Maliki School of jurisprudence was favoured by the state. That created discontentment among the other schools. During the reign of Muhammad I, the differences between the Malikis and the Hanbalis became acute and led to riots.

Muhammad I suppressed these with some difficulty. He died in CE He enjoyed a long rule of 34 years. Muhammad was just brave, religious and munificent. He was a hard taskmaster and exercised strict vigilance over the functionaries of the state. There were numerous insurrections and revolts during his reign but his rule was overall successful and the country enjoyed a spell of economic prosperity. He was forty-four years old at the time of his accession. He ascended the throne at a very turbulent time.

In Cordova, the difference between the Malikis and Hanbilis embittered the atmosphere and disturbed peace. The Gothic March was in the possession of franks. Greater part of Leon, Aragon, and Cantalonia were virtually under the Christians. Toledo and Merida were virtually independent.

The great threat however came from Ibne Hafsoon. Al-Munzir first marched to Archidona. In the battle that took place, the rebels were defeated and Ayushun were killed. Ibn-Hafsoon submitted to the Amir and agreed to pay tribute. When the royal army marched back to Cordova, Ibn-Hafsoon treacherously attacked the army from rear that made Munzir turn around and besiege Bobastro again. While the siege of Bobastro was in progress and the defect of Ibne Hafsoon appeared to be certain, Munzir fell a prey to palace intrigue.

Munzir was capable, a good general and a wise ruler, but he could not produce any tangible results as his rule which lasted for two years only was cut down by his early death. Abdullah CE On the death of Munzir, his step brother Abdullah who had bribed physician of Munzir to poison him, ascended the throne.

Abdullah was incapable cruel and vile and he soon lost his grip on affairs of state. A general state of anarchy came to prevail and opportunity was seized by every chief to set up an independent principality over some area. Under Abdullah, Muslim Spain was fragmented into numerous principalities. Abdullah died in CE. His rule lasted for 24 years but entire period was marked by riots, disturbances, and revolts.

His authority remained confined to Cordova and its immediate neighbourhood. Let Us Sum Up Every rise has a fall because rise and fall is an important phenomenon of every civilization, society, community, and is equally true for every kingdom and regime.

Anything that has a beginning has an end also. This is the law of nature and history has always proved this fact. One day their civilization and culture will be at their zenith and at the same time, it is true that their decline and fall is also inevitable. Umayyad ruled and governed Spain for a long period. Their empire had a beginning; reached its zenith and finally encountered a downfall. Muslim conquest of Spain: Discuss briefly? What is adventures of Muslims in Spain, discuss it with examples?

Explain the role of Hisham and Hakam in Muslim Spain? Duncan Townson, Muslim Spain 2. Levi Provencal, History of Muslim Spain 3.

Hitti, History of the Arabs 4. Masud al-Hasan, History of Islam 5. Hakam II CE 2. Hisham II CE 2. The Later Umayyad CE 2.

Decline and Downfall of Muslim Rule in Spain 2. It was the time when there were disturbances throughout and the Muslim state had reduced in size to Cordova and its environs. In this state of affairs, all hailed his accession and they took him as the saviour of the empire. Within a very short span, his esteem increased. At the very commence of his rule, his policy was to consolidate the state. For consolidation, he announced to all insurgents Spanish, Berber or Arab that no disobedience or disloyalty would be permitted throughout the empire.

He summoned all the leaders and nobles of the independent principalities to submit and surrender to his authority, and those who will repudiate and discard would be brought to order. Most nobles of the independent principalities submitted voluntarily to the central rule. Within a short campaign of less than three months, different provinces were subjected like Elvira and Jaen.

One city after another submitted. Seville was reinterpreted in the dominions of the empire. Berbers were reduced and at the same time, Christians submitted to him as well. The accession of Abdul Rahman to the throne of Cordova was not by virtue of his being a direct claimant, but purely on compassionate ground.

His father Muhammad ,the rightly heir to the throne fell a victim to the insane intrigues of his brother Prince Mutrif who has seduced the Amir so cunningly with his black lies that a very severe punishment awaited for Prince Muhammad. To save his life Muhammad took shelter with Ibn Hafsoon, which strengthened the suspicion of Amir even more.

He however returned to Cordova on being granted amnesty by the Amir. The authority of Amirs was virtually confined to Cordova, while almost all the provinces and districts of Emirates were in the hands of Arab or Muwallad or Christian rebels and the Christian kings of north had pushed as far south as the river Douro and Ebro.

He was in league with Fatimid ruler of Tunisia. Though Shia, they laid claim to the over lordship of Caliphate. In Algarve, an arab chief was dominant. Badajoz in west was still ruled by a son of Ibn-i Merwan. After the defeat of the Christians in the north, the Muslims were now the masters of practically the whole of Spain.

The Umayyad rule was now at the zenith of its power. When Abdul Rahman had come to power, the Umayyad rule was tottering to a fall and the country stood fragmented and a prey to disorder. Within few years, Abdul Rahman had welded all petty principalities into an empire and brought order out of chaos.

Spain under Abdul Rahman had grown into a world power. Hereafter the Umayyad rulers of Spain had remained content with the title of Amir, and. In the tenth century, things had changed. His rule was the golden period of the Umayyad rule in Spain. According to Common verdict of the historians, he was the ablest and the most gifted among the Umayyad rulers of Spain.

It is a matter of coincidence that all the Umayyad rulers bearing the name of Abdul Rahman proved to be great rulers. When Abdul Rahman came to power, the Umayyad rule was confined to Cordova and its immediate neighbourhood. When he died, the Umayyads were the masters of the whole of Spain and they had some outposts in North Africa as well.

During the previous regime, the State treasury had little money and country was a prey to economic distress. In the time of Abdul Rahman the finances improved and the country enjoyed a spell of economic prosperity. Abdul Rahman concentrated on agricultural development.

Irrigation works were constructed and more and more wasteland was brought under cultivation. He constructed new roads and bridges. He developed trade and industry. Textile developed as the main industry. There were as 30, weavers in Cordova alone. Cordova became known for its leatherwork. Calatayud enjoyed fame as a Centre of pottery. Toledo became famous for the manufacture of arms and weaponry. Abdul Rahman patronized art and learning. Eminent poets, scholars and philosophers attended his court.

During his reign, many countries sent their ambassadors to Spain. Abdul Rahman took to embellish Cordova with numerous public buildings and edifices. During this period, Cordova came to be known as jewel of the world. He founded a new town three miles to North West of Cordova. The new town named Al-Zahra after his favourite Queen, Zahra, was sited on one of the projections of Sierra Morena hills.

He enjoyed reputation as bookworm. He was forty-six years old at the time of his accession, and had considerable experience of the affairs of the State. They were under the impression that the new Caliph given to books would lack the military skill and as such, it would be a good opportunity to throw off the yoke of the Muslims. Sancho, the king of Leon and Garcia, the king of Navarre, repudiated the treaties that they had made with Abdul Rahman III, and refused to pay the tribute or demolish the frontier fortresses.

There was the danger that the Fatimids might invade Spain. After the conquest of Egypt, the Fatimids shifted their capital to Cairo in CE that averted the danger of the invasion of Spain by the Fatimids.

The Fatimids left the west under the charge of the Zirids. They made some conquests, and the Berber tribes of Zenata, Maghrawa, and Miknasa transferred their allegiance to Spain. Hakam II died in C. His rule lasted for fifteen years. He was more of a scholar than a soldier, but he successfully maintained the heritage of his father and carried successful military campaigns.

He promoted learning, agriculture and industry. He enlarged the Cordova mosque and embellished the city with numerous public buildings. During his rule, the country enjoyed the spell of prosperity. He was the last great ruler among the Umayyad.

With his death, the glory of Umayyad rule in Spain ended. On his death bed, Hakam entrusted his minor son to the care of the three persons, his queen, Subh, his Prime Minister Mashafi and his secretary Muhammad b Abi Aamir. The story of reign of Hisham is really the story of Ibn Aamir. He rose from obscurity to power by dint of his extraordinary talents. The succession of Hisham was likely to be challenged by a brother.

Ibn Aamir had him killed and thereby paved the way for the succession of Hisham. Muhammad was the son of Hisham who was the son of Hisham who was the son of Abdul Jabbar. It means he was the great grandson of Abdul. Rahman III. By distributing his wealth lavishly, he won over many other members of the Umayyad clan as well as several fiqhs and divines. He had thus collected a band of four hundred bold and resolute desperados and hardened criminals around him.

Muhammad chose thirty of his men and ordered them to go the terrace of the palace with their arms concealed in their cloaks and wait for him.

At about sunset, he rode on a mule and reached the place where his thirty desperados were posted, they attacked and overpowered the palace where Ibn-Askeleja was enjoying life with two singing girls of his harem. Muhammad rushed at him and before he could get up and defend himself, he killed him. The fall of the Amirids led to a civil war, which ultimately ended in the collapse of the Umayyad caliphate.

In the whole history of Muslims Spain, no period was more troubled or tragic. Cordova raised the flag of revolt: the civil war soon spread to the provinces and the more distant parts of the Marches. At the beck and call of rival factions, sovereigns came and went their reigns is almost every case, ending in bloodshed and lasting more often for months rather than years.

At times certain of these ephemeral monarchs disappeared into the shadows, only to reappear. In brief, this was the chaos, which indulged and irretrievably wrecked the patient work of the great princes of the dynasty and ended the political unity they had made so many efforts to achieve. In view of financial difficulties, his Prime Minister levied additional taxes. This measure was strongly resented by the people of Cordova.

They rose in revolt in CE. That was the end of the Umayyad rule, which had lasted from to CE. Decline and Downfall of Muslim Rule in Spain Every rise has a fall, because rise and fall are an important phenomenon of every civilization, society, community, and it is equally true for every kingdom and regime.

Umayyads ruled and governed Spain for a long period. Their empire had a beginning; reached its zenith and at the end disintegrated and declined.

Their disintegration and downfall paved the way for other powers specially Christians of the North West to rise and perform the actions on the platform. The reasons and causes responsible for the downfall of the Umayyads in Spain were at the same time responsible for the emergence or the rise of Christian power in Spain.

In other words, we can say the causes that helped in the. The downfall of the Umayyad in Spain, their disintegration and their end, helped the Christians and other powers to come to the stage and have their stay in the history. Muslims in Spain have ruled for about eight hundred years and it is very much understood that after such a long period one has to fell. However, he was a minor and a boy of only eleven years old. Hakam had held convocation few months before his death in which a document was subscribed devising the Caliphate to his son Hisham-II.

Hakam entrusted the charge of upbringing his son to three persons, his queen Subh, Hajib Mashafi and to the secretary Muhammad bin Abi Amir. Accordingly, Hisham-II was proclaimed as the Caliph. Muhammad bin Abi Amir was an ambitious man. He overthrew Hajib Mashafi and other chiefs who opposed him. He killed many famous personalities wreath magnates; in this way cleared the whole empire from its leading men.

Abi Amir then seized all the power and authority, confining and limiting the young Caliph in his palace. After capture of the power, Ibn Amir assumed the title of Hajib al-Mansur and constructed a beautiful palace for himself named Zahira. He became so powerful that he was overall in the whole empire and Hisham-II, the Caliph was merely a puppet in the hands of Hajib al-Mansur.

All orders were issued under his seal, prayers were offered for him along with the Caliph from the pulpits and his name was borne on the coins. After the death of Hajib al-Mansur, completely political scenario of Spain changed within no time. Al-Muzaffar ruled for about six years and remained very much successful in maintaining unity in the whole empire. His death brought disorder, disturbance and violence in the whole Spain.

In these years, the change that had taken place in the Spain favoured a revolution and the unification in Spain was disappearing very quickly. Hisham-II, who was the Caliph renounced formally in favour of the Muhammad.

Muhammad was not able to rule for a considerable period. He was soon replaced by another Umayyad named Sulayman. Very short period had lapsed that Hisham-II was again declared as the Caliph. One sovereign replaced the other within no time; thus, rise and fall of the Caliphs went on simultaneously. At the end, we find that with these unfortunate sovereigns, Umayyad rule ended in Spain, which had to be an internal reason for the decline of Umayyad in Spain. With the support of these areas, he was able to capture Toledo.

The political changes that took place in the capital provided an opportunity to the governors and magnates to declare their independence.

When the Umayyad rule in Spain disappeared, independent principalities or we can say that petty states, like Al-Murabits and Al-Muwahidds, emerged. These petty states got involved in fratricidal quarrels, falling prey to the Berbers of North-Africa first and then succumbed one after the other to the Christian power of the north.

In the first half of the 11th Century, about twenty such states emerged in many towns and provinces under chieftains. It was a period of fragmentation, which later paved the way for the disintegration of the Muslim rule in Spain. Banu Hamid captured Malaga, Algecieras and other neighbouring regions. Granada came into the hands of Zawi, a Berber chief. Banu Abbad ruled Seville and other areas. Valencia, Murcia, and Almeria were in the same way ruled by independent chiefs. Such division, fragmentation, and disintegration of the Muslims resulted in ending their rule in Spain.

As the time elapsed, one finds that Christians of the north took into their possession different areas like Valencia, Cordova, and Seville, Murcia etc. Limiting and confining the Muslim rule to the province of Granada only, and these Christians were ready to place their swords at the disposal of the only remaining Muslim region.

Ibn al-Ahmar the founder of the kingdom of Granada was not in a position to with stand the growing power of the Christians who now were ruling whole of the Spain.

From time to time Christians attacked Granada. At last, on January 3, CE, the Christians and this way the glory and grandeur of the Muslims in Spain ended captured the last region of the Muslims in Spain. Thus, an enlightened and brave nation disappeared from Spain whose scientific, literary and industrial activities brought back the life in the peninsula, which was dead and barren under Goths.

The Muslims turned Spain into a garden, and possessed the torch of knowledge at the time when all were in darkness. Everything might have changed in Spain—people, their religion but the nature has not changed; she is bright and breezy as ever. Perhaps in response to these eastern Mediterranean cultural impulses, which coexisted with a strong indigenous artistic component, there began to appear in Cordova a revival of the Umayyad period, almost nostalgia for the time when the Umayyads ruled the Islamic world from Damascus.

Art patronage as a sign of kingship and authority is a theme that emerged from these creative appropriations from abroad and the past. Luxurious objects such as boxes of carved ivory and gilt silver, bronze animal statuary, and richly figured silks were commissioned for palaces decorated with ornate marble capitals, stucco wall panels, and marble fountains.

Discuss the role of Hakam II in Spain? Discuss the fall and decline of Umayyads in Spain? Masudul Hasan, History of Islam vol. Hitti, History of the Arabs 5. Role of Yusuf b Tashfin 2. Ali b Tashfin 2. Al-Muwahidds CE 2. Abdul Momin 2. Abu Yaqub Yusuf 2. Abu Yusuf Yaqub 2. Muhammad Al-Nasir 2. The Latter Al-Muwahidds 2. Introduction Towards the close of the eleventh century, the Christian powers in Spain were on the aggressive path, while the Muslim petty states were everywhere on the defensive.

Alphonso VI, the ruler of Seville to collect the tribute. Ibne Shalib insulted Mutamid the ruler of Seville. Mutamid had him killed. Thereupon Alphonos gave the Seville the Ultimatum of war. The Muslim chiefs of Spain joined in a coalition to put up a united front against the Christians.

At the time when the Muslim empire in Spain was falling to pieces, a new power, the Al-Murabits, had risen in Morocco. He soon became the ruler of an empire, which extended from Algeria to the Atlantic and from Morocco to Senegal.

He then marched to north and conquered Ceuta, Algiers and other towns near the Mediterranean by the year CE and subdued all the Berber tribes there, including the Lamtuna and Masmuda. He thus transformed the Al-Murabit Kingdom into an empire. He then planned to march towards Qayrowan and to conquer Ifriqiya. But he was diverted from this plan by the events in Muslim Spain. Not only Yusuf defeated him in the battle of Zallaqa, but he also became acquainted with military weakness of the Taifa Kings, while the riches and fertility of al-Andalus charmed him.

However, after the victory at Zallaqa, Yusuf returned to Marrakesh, as he had promised the Taifa Kings to do so leaving a small contingent of three thousand Al-Murabit troops in the command of Mutamid, the ruler of Seville. However, relations between him and Alfonso VI strained soon after his accession to power, and EI Cid left his service.

At first, he became a freelance adventurer. So ineffective was the Muslim ruler that he sought the help of Christian warrior like EI Cid to defend himself. Alfonso then sent him to Valencia, in the eastern region of Muslim Spain to prevent its conquest by the Al-Murabits.

Valencia had been conquered by the Christians and handed over to the renegade al- Qadir was driven out of Valencia by al-Mustain and Count Berenguer of Barcelona. Alfonso V sent EI Cid not only to recapture Valencia, but also all other cities, towns and territories in eastern Spain. Soon the Christians captured Valencia and other cities, and towns. At the same time, Alfonso sent another of his warriors, named Garcia Jimenez, to conquer Muslim towns in the south.

This Christian force occupied the stronghold of Aledo, from where it. With the emergence of the Al-Murabit state in Spain, the Christians were pushed back.

As long as Yusuf b Tashfin lived, the Christians remained in terror of his arms. Yusuf b Tashfin reformed the administration in Spain. He enforced the Shariah and was very popular with the Ulama. After years of anarchy, Spain once again came to enjoy a spell of peace and prosperity under his strong and beneficent rule.

Yusuf died in CE at the age of He had styled himself as Ameer al- Muslameen. Before his death, he had designated his son, Ali ibn Yusuf, as his successor. Before his end approached, he summoned Ali and recommended three things to him: he was not to disturb the Berber tribe, inhabiting the gorges of the Atlas or the deserts of Morocco, such as Masmudah and others; he was to conclude peace with Ibn Hud, the Sultan of Saragossa, so that he might carry on war against the Christians; and lastly, he was to fix his court at Seville, not Cordova.

Yusuf had, however, bequeathed his son a vast empire extending from the borders of Sudan right across North Africa to Spain. Like his father, he was extremely devout and like him, he held the faqihs in great honour. He consulted them on all occasions and in all matters and did nothing without their approval. He spent his days in prayer and fasting. But, unlike his father, Ali was not a capable military leader. However, his deficiency was compensated by his brother, Tamim ibn Yusuf.

He took refuge in Ruenda, where he died in Tamim also captured large territory of Castile, where civil war raged between the successors of Alfonso VI, who had died in In the western region of the peninsula, the old Murabit general, Sair ibn Abu Bakr, continued his victorious advance and captured Lisbon, Santarem and Oporto. Nothing illustrates the fundamentalist ideology of the Al-Murabits more than their administrative system. The Maliki faqihs, who had welcomed their rise to power, had full control over it.

They had become the dominant class in the State and dislodged the former Ambo-Andalusian aristocracy from their position of power and riches. However, unlike the aristocracy, the Maliki jurists and theologians had their roots among the common people and enjoyed their favour and support. This was, indeed, the secret of the Al-Murabit power.

On the contrary, the poets, scholars and philosophers had hard times under the new dispensation. They were the hangers-on of the luxury loving Taifa Kings and prince lings, who, with all their faults, were champions of freedom of thought and patrons of science, poetry and philosophy. The revivalist Al-Murabits, supported by the Maliki faqihs, condemned all this. The poets had but few patrons. However, the faqihs had no riches, but unlike the Taifa princes, they were too parsimonious to shower dirhams and dinars on the panegyrics of the poets and sycophants, who were, therefore, reduced to poverty.

Moreover, philosophy was an anathema to the Al-Murabits and their faqihs. Anyone found indulging in the study of this forbidden science was hounded like a common criminal. However, in their abhorrence of philosophy, the Maliki faqihs went to an, unjustifiable extreme.

The Al-Murabits had established a strong and very effective administration. The result was that peace and order prevailed throughout their empire. The common people wanted internal tranquillity, security from external enemies and abolition of excessive taxes. All illegal taxes were abolished. Ali bin Tashfin died in CE. Another prince followed but now all was over with the Al-Murabits.

Al-Muwahidds captured power in Africa. Spain once again broke into petty state. The Strong Empire built by Yusuf b Tashfin crumbled and fell. They pillaged and burnt Xeres.

The districts of Jaen, Baeza, Ubeda and Andujar were devastated. In brilliant. Abdul Mumin died in CE. Abdul Momin Abdul Momin was a sturdy Berber of medium height. He was a good soldier, with a great courage and endurance.

However, of patient nature, he could be, necessary, harsh and cruel. On capturing of Marrakesh from the Al-Murabits, he put several thousand of them to death.